Optimise Your Compliance Costs with a Fuel and Fleet Strategy That Suits

Not always. Today, biofuels are still relatively cheap when only a few ships are using them. That said, when the mandated alternative fuels come in, it is expected that the prices will increase, and if you do not have any alternative fuels other than biodiesel, it is difficult to control the risk of the significant price increase when using only one low-carbon fuel. Furthermore, some companies have already secured e-fuel volumes with fixed prices, that, combined with the compliance pooling mechanism, you'll have more EBIT-positive scenarios to meet the regulation intensity targets.

Yes, penalties are taken into account and used as a reference benchmark when comparing different alternative fuel scenarios. 

Yes, CAPEX is a very important parameter when considering changing to use advanced alternative fuels. With AHTI tool it is easy to take into account in the calculations.